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the resolute combatant. The Hebrews not only suffered, but bore themselves as those who were contending for a crown.

Poluv" is frequently used (like ‘much,’ multus ) of that which is great in degree and not only frequent in repetition: Acts 24:3 p. eijrhvnh ; 27:10 p. zhmiva ; id. 27 p. ajsitiva & c. Here the notions of intensity and repetition are both applicable to the struggle of the Hebrews.

Chrysostom notices the force of a[qlhsi" : oujk ei\pe peirasmou;" ajlla; a[qlhsin, o{per ejsti;n ejgkwmivou o[noma kai; ejpaivnwn megivstwn .

For fwtisqevnte" (Syrr. having received baptism ) see Heb. 6:4 note: for uJpomevnein comp. Heb. 12:2, 3, 7; 10:36.

Heb. 10:33. tou'to mevn ... tou'to dev ...] Vulg. et in altero quidem...in altero autem. The courage of the Hebrews was shewn both in what they bore personally, and (which is often more difficult) in their readiness to shew sympathy to those who were in affliction. The contrast in the tenses of the participles, qeatrizovmenoi, genhqevnte" , which is necessarily lost in translation (as in the Latin), suggests that upon some special occasion the persons addressed had in a signal manner identified themselves with fellow-Christians in an outbreak of persecution ( sunepaqhvsate, prosedevxasqe ); while they were habitually exposed to public reproach.

The combination tou'to mevn ... tou'to dev ..., which is frequent in Greek writers from Demosthenes downwards, is found here only in N.T. ojneidismoi'" te kai; qlivyesin ] The personal sufferings of the Hebrews were twofold. They had endured reproaches, which contrast a man's conduct with what might have been expected from him (Matt. 11:20; Mark 16:14; James 1:5): and afflictions, in which force is the expression of ill-will. Reproaches affect the character: afflictions affect material prosperity. (Syr. vg. connects these words with the preceding verse.)

For ojneidismov" see Heb. 11:26; 13:13. Comp. 1 Pet. 4:14. The word is common in the LXX. in the prophetic and later books.
qeatrizovmenoi ] Vulg. spectaculum facti, made a gazing stock. Comp. 1 Cor. 4:9. The simple verb qeatrivzein appears to be found here only and in derived passages. The compound ejkqeatrivzein is not uncommon in late Greek in the same sense: to expose as a spectacle for derision. See Schweigh. Polyb. Ind. s. v.
koin. tw'n ou{tw" ajnastref. Gen. ] avowing your fellowship with those who were so facing reproaches and afflictions in their daily life. The Hebrews, so far from abandoning their fellow-Christians, courageously claimed connexion with them, sharing their perils by the active avowal of sympathy. The ou{tw" applies more naturally to the description which immediately precedes than to the more remote poll. a[. uJpem. Paq. ; and this latter reference is excluded by the form of the sentence ( uJpem. ... tou'to mevn ... tou'to
dev
...).

For koinwnoi; genhqevnte" (in place of koinwnhvsante" ) see Heb. 3:14; and for ajnastrevfesqai Heb. 13:18 ( ajnastrofhv Heb. 13:7).

For the difference between koinwnov" and mevtoco" see Heb. 3:1. Koinwnov" , even when it is used in connexion with material things, includes the idea of a personal fellowship: 1 Cor. 10:18; 2 Cor. 1:7; 1 Pet. 5:1 (2 Pet. 1:4).

Heb. 10:34. The statements of the former verse are defined in inverse order by reference to specific facts. The Hebrews had shewn sympathy when


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