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slowly realised from stage to stage in the individual life or in successive generations: Heb. 10:14 ( tou;" aJgiazomevnou" ); 2:11.

The perfect expresses a state abiding in its divine stability: Acts 20:32
(LXX.); 26:18; 1 Cor. 1:2; 7:14; Rom. 15:16; 2 Tim. 2:21. The use of the
pres. and perf. together in John 17:19 is instructive.
ii. The idea of ‘purity’ (
kaqarovth", kaqarov" ) expresses primarily the satisfaction of external conditions. In the first instance it marks ceremonial cleanness. The leper as unclean was excluded from the outward commonwealth of Israel. He was restored by cleansing (Matt. 8:2 f.).

Hence kaqarivzein ( rhef; , H3197 very rarely af;j; , H2627, the

corresponding classical form is kaqaivrein ) is

(1) To remove outward defilement; and so to make ceremonially fit to draw near to God.

(2) To remove spiritual defilement; and so to make morally fit to come before God. Comp. Acts 15:9; Eph. 5:26; Tit. 2:14; 1 John 1:7.

The difference between aJgiavzein, kaqarivzein , and iJlavskesqai may be presented in another light by the consideration of the parallel forms aJgiasmov", kaqarismov", iJlasmov" . Of these aJgiasmov" is prospective, and points forward to a future state not yet attained (Heb. 12:14); kaqarismov" is retrospective and points to a past which has been done away (1:3; 2 Pet. 1:9); iJlasmov" marks the present restoration of fellowship with God, by the removal of that which stays the outflow of His love (1 John 2:2).

The use of the words in the LXX. is of considerable interest (see Lev.

8:15; 16:19 f.); and each of them is used to represent rp'K; , H4105: aJgiavzein ,

Ex. 29:33; kaqarivzein , Ex. 29:36 f.; 30:10; iJlavskesqai , Ps. 64:4 (65:4); 77:38 (78:38); 78:9 (79:9). Comp. Eph. 5:26.

It may be added that both aJgiavzein and kaqarivzein are used in certain connexions of divine and of human action.
i. Of divine action:
aJgiavzein , John 17:17; 1 Thess. 5:23: kaqarivzein , Acts 15:9; Tit. 2:14; 1 John 1:7.
ii. Of human action:
aJgiavzein , 1 Pet. 3:15: kaqarivzein , James 4:8; 2 Cor. 7:1.

The verb dikaiou'n is not found in the Epistle.

Additional Note on Hebrews 10:37 f. On the quotation from Hab. 2:3 f.

The quotation in Heb. 10:37 f. consists of an introductory clause ªe[ti ga;rº mikro;n o{son o{son from Is. 26:20, and an adaptation of the LXX. version of Hab. 2:3, 4.

The text of the LXX. is

[ diovti e[ti o{rasi" eij" kairovn ......
eja;n uJsterhvsh/, uJpovmeinon aujtovn ,] o{ti ejrcovmeno" h{xei kai; ouj mh; cronivsh/ : eja;n uJposteivlhtai, oujk eujdokei' hJ yuchv mou ejn aujtw'/ :

oJ de; divkaio" ejk pivstewv" mou ( A mou ejk p. ) zhvsetai .

The Hebrew is rendered (R. V.)

[ For the vision is yet for the appointed time ...


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