H9343 thanks-giving: (2) rd<nE , H5624 vow: (3) hb;d:n , H5607 free-will offering:
Lev. 7:12, 16).
Lev. 3:1 ff. With these must be combined
( g ) The meal-offering ( hj;nmi , H4966).
Lev. 2:1 ff.
( d ) The Shew-bread ( : ynIP; : j,l, and later tk,r<[}M'h' " l ).
( e ) First-fruits. ( b ) Sacrifices made in regard to violations of the Covenant.
( a ) The sin-offering ( taF;j' , H2633).
Lev. 4:1 ff.
( b ) The guilt- (trespass-) offering ( : v;a; , H871).
Lev. 5:5, 15 ff. To these must be added the various sacrifices for Purification: Lev. 14 (lepers); 15 (uncleanness); Num. 19 (contact with dead).
The Peace-offering, through which man entered in a peculiar sense into fellowship with God, was offered after the Sin-offering and the Burnt- offering: Lev. 9:18; Num. 6:16 f.
It is necessary to observe that the range of the Levitical atonements was very narrow. They were confined to
( a ) Bodily impurity. ( b ) Ceremonial offences. ( g ) Sins of ignorance.
( d ) Certain specified offences: Lev. 6:1, 7; 19:20. They did not deal with moral offences as such: they had no relief for high-handed sins. Here the voice of Psalmist and Prophet met the heart- broken penitent with promises which the Law could not give.
To the other Sacrifices the Passover must be added, which stood by itself and renewed the foundation of the Covenant.
(2) Materials of Sacrifice. The distinction of Sacrifices as bleeding and unbloody is not expressly noticed in the O. T.; but there were occasions when they were made separately according to the Levitical ritual. Thus we have to notice offerings of
( a ) The produce of the earth. Wine: oil: meal. Simple fruits (grapes, olives, & c.) or flowers were not accepted. It was required that man's life and labour should have entered into that which he offered to God (Gen. 3:17-19).
These kinds were mixed in the Meal- (and Drink-) offering ( Minchah, Nesek ) and offered separately in the Holy Place: Bread: Oil (the lamps): with Incense, but not with Wine.
Incense was not offered by itself.
No details are given as to the Wine: it is once spoken of as rk;ve ,
H8911 (Num. 28:7).
The Meal was of corn: not less than one-tenth of an ephah (a day's food: Ex. 16:16). Barley, which was half the value (2 Kings 7:1), was admitted only in the offering of jealousy: Num. 5:15 ff.