§ 60. Imperfect with Pronominal Suffixes.

b

Rem. 1. ^r>b.x'y> y Ps 94:20 is an anomalous form for ^r>B'x.y: (cf. the analogous ^n>x.y" § 67 n) and ^v.g)'p.y)i (so Baer; others ^v.G)'p.yI) Gn 32:18 for ^v]G)'p.yI. To the same category as ^r>b.x'y> belong also, according to the usual explanation, ~deb.['T†' (from dbo[]T†;), Ex 20:5, 23:24, Dt 5:9, and  äb['n)' Dt 13:3. As a matter of fact, the explanation of these forms as imperfects of Qal appears to be required by the last of these passages; yet why has the retraction of the oç taken place only in these examples (beside numerous forms like ynIdeñb.[;y);)? Could the Masora in the two Decalogues and in Ex 23:24 (on the analogy of which Dt 13:3 was then' wrongly pointed) have intended an imperfect HophÇal with the suffix, meaning thou shalt not allow thyself to be brought to worship them?

c

Verbs which have a in the second syllable of the imperfect, and imperative, Qal (to which class especially verba tertiae and mediae gutturalis belong, § 64 and § 65) do not, as a rule, change the PathahÌ of the imperfect (nor of the imperative, see § 61 g) into Sè^ewaÖ before suffixes; but the PathahÌ, coming to stand in an open syllable before the tone, is lengthened to QamesÌ, e. g. ynIveñB'l.YIw: Jb 29:14; WhWlña'g>yI 3:5; ~xel'v.YIw: Jos 8:3; Whauñr'q.yI y Ps 145:18; but Aar>q.yI Jer 23:6, is probably a forma mixta combining the readings Aar'q.yI and War>q.yI, cf. § 74 e.

d

2. Not infrequently suffixes with the connecting vowel a are also found with the imperfect, e. g. ynIq;ñB'd>Ti Gn 19:19, cf. 29:32, Ex 33:20, Nu 22:33, 1 K 2:24 Q^ereÖ, Is 56:3, Jb 9:18; also yNI¤;ñ, Gn 27:19, 31 Jb 7:14, 9:34, 13:21 (in Principal Pause); Hr'yKiY:w: Gn 37:33, cf. 16:7, 2 S 11:27, Is 26:5, Jb 28:27, 1 Ch 20:2; Wnr+'yKiyI Is 63:16 (manifestly owing to the influence of the preceding Wn['ñd'y>); ~v'B'l.iyI Ex 29:30, cf. 2:17, Nu 21:30, Dt 7:15, y Ps 74:8; even ~l†;ymia] 118:10–12; !['yIAY*w: Ex 2:17, and !t†;yxiy> Hb 2:17 (where, however, the ancient versions read ^T,ñxiy>); even ApD>r>yI (oÖ from aÒhu) Ho 8:3; cf. Ex 22:29, Jos 2:4 (but read ~nEP.c.Tiw:); 1 S 18:1 K^eth., 21:14, (where however, the text is corrupt); 2 S 14:6 (where read with the old versions %Y:w:); Jer 23:6 (see § 74 e), y Ps 35:8, Ec 4:12.— On pausal S^eghoÖl for SÍere in ~k†,r]b'a]w); Gn 48:9 and Whc+,l]a†;T.w: (so Baer, but ed. Mant., Ginsb. Whc+el.a;T.w:) Ju 16:16, see § 29 q.

e

3. Suffixes are also appended in twelve passages to the plural forms in !W viz. ynIn:ñWaK.d;T. will ye break me in pieces? Jb 19:2; %n<Wt+r>v†'y> (here necessarily with a connecting vowel) Is 60:7, 10; Pr 5:22 (A but probably corrupt); elsewhere always without a connecting vowel; ynIn>auñr'q.yI with two other examples Pr 1:28, 8:17, Ho 5:15; cf. ^n>W¤ñ y Ps 63:4, 91:12; Whn>¤uñ Jer 5:22; h'n>W¤ñ Jer 2:24, all in principal pause. [See Böttcher, Lehrb., § 1047 f.]

f

4. In PoÖÇeÒl, PoÖÇeÒl, and PoÇeÒl, the SÍere of the final syllable, like the oÒ in Qal, becomes vocal Sè^ewaÖ but before the suffixes ^¤. and ~k,¤. it is shortened to S^eghoÃl, e. g. ^c.B,q;y> Dt 30:4, y Ps 34:12, Is 51:2. With a final guttural, however, ^x]L†ev;a] Gn 32:27; also in Pr 4:8, where with QimhÌi ^d>Beñk;T. is to be read. eÒ is retained in the tone-syllable; an analogous case in HiphÇiÖl is ^d>GEñy:w> Dt 32:7. Less frequently SÍere is sharpened to HÍireq, e. g. ~k,c.Mia;a] Jb 16:5, cf. Ex 31:13, Is 1:15, 52:12; so in PoÇleÒl, Is 25:1, y Ps 30:2, 37:34, 145:1, and probably also in Qal ^p.sia†o 1 S 15:6; cf. § 68 h.

g

5. In HiphÇiÖl the iÖ remains, e. g. ynIveñyBil.T; Jb 10:11 (after waÒw consecutive it is often written defectively, e. g. ~veBil.Y:w: Gn 3:21 and often); but cf. above, f, Dt 32:7. Forms like hN"r,ñv.[.T; thou enrichest it, y Ps 65:10, 1 S 17:25, are rare. Cf. § 53 n.

h

6. Instead of the suffix of the 3^rd plur. fem. (!), the suffix of the 3^rd plur. masc. (~) is affixed to the afformative W, to avoid a confusion with the personal ending !W; cf. ~Wal.m;y>w: Gn 26:15 (previously also with a perf. ~WmT.si); Gn 26:18, 33:13, Ex 2:17 (where !['viAY)w: occurs immediately after); 39:18, 20, 1 S 6:10 (where also ~h,ynEB. is for !h,ynEB., a neglect of gender which can only be explained by § 135 o).— For !gUr>h;*y: Zc 11:5 read perhaps !gEr>h;*y: with M. Lambert.

Footnotes:

¹[1] This form is also found as feminine without a suffix, in Jer 49:11, Ez 37:7. In the latter passage Wbr>q.Tiw: is probably to be regarded, with König, as a clumsy correction of the original  äqYIw:, intended to suggest the reading hn"b.r;ñq.Tiw:, to agree with the usual gender of tAmc'[].