CONTENTS

ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

TABLE OF EARLY SEMITIC ALPHABETS

SILOAM INSCRIPTION

INTRODUCTION

§ 1. The Semitic Languages in General.

§ 2. Sketch of the History of the Hebrew Language.

§ 3. Grammatical Treatment of the Hebrew Language.

§ 4. Division and Arrangement of the Grammar.

FIRST PART

ELEMENTARY PRINCIPLES, OR THE SOUNDS AND CHARACTERS

CHAPTER I. THE INDIVIDUAL SOUNDS AND CHARACTERS

§ 5. The Consonants: their Forms and Names.

§ 6. Pronunciation and Division of Consonants.

§ 7. The Vowels in General, Vowel Letters and Vowel Signs.

§ 8. The Vowel Signs in particular.

§ 9. Character of the several Vowels.

§ 10. The Half Vowels and the Syllable Divider (ewaÖ).

§ 11. Other Signs which affect the Reading.

§ 12. Dagesë in general, and Dagesë forte in particular.

§ 13. Dagesë lene.

§ 14. MappiÖq and RaÓpheÊ.

§ 15. The Accents.

§ 16. Of MaqqeÓph and MeÊtheçg.

§ 17. Of the QereÖ and KethiÖbh. Masora marginalis and finalis.

CHAPTER II. PECULIARITIES AND CHANGES OF LETTERS: THE SYLLABLE AND THE TONE

§ 18. In general.

§ 19. Changes of Consonants.

§ 20. The Strengthening (Sharpening) of Consonants.

§ 21. The Aspiration of the Tenues.

§ 22. Peculiarities of the Guttulrals.

§ 23. The Feebleness of the Gutturals a and h.

§ 24. Changes of the Weak Letters w and y

§ 25. Unchangeable Vowels.

§ 26. Syllable-formation and its Influence on the Quantity of Vowels.

§ 27. The Change of the Vowels, especially as regards Quantity.

§ 28. The Rise of New Vowels and Syllables.

§ 29. The Tone, its Changes, and the Pause.

SECOND PART

ETYMOLOGY, OR THE PARTS OF SPEECH

§ 30. Stems and Roots; Biliteral, Triliteral, and Quadriliteral.

§ 31. Grammatical Structure.

CHAPTER I. THE PRONOUN

§ 32. The Personal Pronoun. The Separate Pronoun.

§ 33. Pronominal Suffixes.

§ 34. The Demonstrative Pronoun.

§ 35. The Article.

§ 36. The Relative Pronoun.

§ 37. The Interrogative and Indefinite Pronouns.

CHAPTER II. THE VERB

§ 38. General View.

§ 39. Ground-form and Derived Stems.

§ 40. Tenses. Moods. Flexion.

§ 41. Variations from the Ordinary Form of the Strong Verb.

I. The Strong Verb.

§ 42. In general.

A. The Pure Stem, or Qal.

§ 43. Its Form and Meaning.

§ 44. Flexion of the Perfect of Qal.

§ 45. The Infinitive.

§ 46, The Imperative.

§ 47. The Imperfect and its Inflexion.

§ 48. Shortening and Lengthening of the Imperfect and Imperative. The Jussive and Cohortative.

§ 49. The Perfect and Imperfect with WaÓw Consecutive.

§ 50. The Participle.

B. Verba Derivativa, or Derived Conjugations.

§ 51. Niph‘al . .

§ 52. PiÇeÓl and Pu‘al . .

§ 53. HiphÇiÖl and Hoph‘al . .

§ 54. HitbpaÇeÓl

§ 55. Less Common Conjugations

§ 56. Quadriliterals

C. Strong Verb with Pronominal Suffixes.

§ 57. In general

§ 58. The Pronominal Suffixes of the Verb

§ 59. The Perfect with Pronominal Suffixes

§ 60. Imperfect with Pronominal Suffixes

§ 61. Infinitive, Imperative and Participle with Pronominal Suffixes

Verbs with Gutturals.

§ 62. In general

§ 63. Verbs First Guttural

§ 64. Verbs Middle Guttural

§ 65. Verbs Third Guttural

II. The Weak Verb.

§ 66. Verbs Primae Radicalis Nun (!¾¾p)

§ 67. Verbs [¾¾[

The Weakest Verbs (Verba Quiescentia).

§ 68. Verbs a¾¾p

§ 69. Verbs y¾¾p. First Class, or Verbs originally w¾¾p

§ 70. Verbs y¾¾p. Second Class, or Verbs properly y¾¾p

§ 71. Verbs y¾¾p. Third Class, or Verbs with yoÖdh assimilated

§ 72. Verbs W¾¾[

§ 73. Verbs middle i (vulgo y¾¾[)

§ 74. Verbs a¾¾l

§ 75. Verbs h¾¾l

§ 76. Verbs Doubly Weak

§ 77. Relation of the Weak Verbs to one another

§ 78. Verba Defectiva

CHAPTER III. THE NOUN

§ 79. General View

§ 80. The Indication of Gender in Nouns

§ 81. Derivation of Nouns

§ 82. Ploimitive Nouns

§ 83. Verbal Nouns in General

§ 84a. Nouns derived from the Simple Stenl

§ 84b. Formation of Nouns from the Intensive Stem

§ 85. Nouns with Preformatives and Afformatives

§ 86. Denominative Nouns

§ 87. Of the Plural

§ 88. Of the Dual

§ 89. The Genitive and the Construct State

§ 90. Real and supposed Remains of Early Case-endings

§ 91. The Noun with Pronominal Suffixes

§ 92. Vowel Changes in the Noun

§ 93. Paradigms of Masculine Nouns

§ 94. Formation of Feminine Nouns

§ 95. Paradigms of Feminine Nouns

§ 96. Nouns of Peculiar Formation

§ 97. Numerals. (a) Cardinal Numbers

§ 98. Numerals. (b) Ordinal Numbers

CHAPTER IV. THE PARTICLES

§ 99. General View

§ 100. Adverbs

§ 101. Prepositions

§ 102. Prefixed Prepositions

§ 108. Prepositions with Pronominal Suffixes and in the PluralForm

§ 104. Conjunctions

§ 105. Interjections

THIRD PART

SYNTAX

CHAPTER I. THE PARTS OF SPEECH

I. Syntax of the Verb.

A. Use of the Tenses and Moods.

§ 106. Use of the Perfect

§ 107. Use of the Imperfect

§ 108. Use of the Cohortative

§ 109. Use of the Jussive

§ 110. The Imperative

§ 111. The Imperfect with WaÒw Consecutive

§ 112. The Perfect with WaÒw Consecutive

B. The Infinitive and Participle.

§ 113. The Infinitive Absolute

§ 114. The Infinitive Construct

§ 115. Construction of the Infinitive Construct with Subject and Object

§ 116. The Participles

C. The Government of the Verb.

§ 117. The Direct Subordination of the Noun to the Verb as Accusative of the Object. The Double Accusative

§ 118. The Looser Subordination of the Accusative to the Verb

§ 119. The Subordination of Nouns to the Verb by means of Prepositions

§ 120. Verbal Ideas under the Government of a Verb. Co-ordination of Complementary Verbal Ideas

§ 121. Construction of Passive Verbs

II. Syntax of the Noun.

§ 122. Indication of the Gender of the Noun

§ 123. The Representation of Plural Ideas by means of Collectives, and by the Repetition of Words

§ 124. The Various Uses of the Plural-Form

§ 125. Determination of Nouns in general. Determination of Proper Names

§ 126. Determination by means of the Article

§ 127. The Noun determined by a following Determinate Genitive

§ 128. The Indication of the Genitive Relation by means of the Construct State

§ 129. Expression of the Genitive by Circumlocution

§ 130. Wider Use of the Construct State

§ 131. Apposition

§ 132. Connexion of the Substantive with the Adjective

§ 133. The Comparison of Adjectives. (Periphrastic expression of the Comparative and Superlative)

§ 134. Syntax of the Numerals

III. Syntax of the Pronoun.

§ 135. The Personal Pronoun

§ 136. The Demonstrative Pronoun

§ 137. The Interrogative Pronoun

§ 138. The Relative Pronoun

§ 139. Expression of Pronominal Ideas by means of Substantives

CHAPTER II. THE SENTENCE

I. The Sentence in General.

§ 140. Noun-clauses, Verbal-clauses, and the Compound Sentence

§ 141. The Noun-clause

§ 142. The Verbal-clause

§ 143. The Compound Sentence

§ 144. Peculiarities in the Representation of the Subject (especially in the Verbal-clause)

§ 145. Agreement between the Members of a Sentence, especially between Subject and Predicate, in respect of Gender and Number

§ 146. Construction of Compound Subjects

§ 147. Incomplete Sentences

II. Special Kinds of Sentences.

§ 148. Exclamations

§ 149. Sentences which express an Oath or Asseveration

§ 150. Interrogative Sentences

§ 151. Desiderative Sentences

§ 152. Negative Sentences

§ 153. Restrictive and Intensive Clauses

§ 154. Sentences connected by WaÒw

§ 155. Relative Clauses

§ 156. Circumstantial Clauses

§ 157. Object-clauses (Oratio Obliqua)

§ 158. Causal Clauses

§ 159. Conditional Sentences

§ 160. Concessive Clauses

§ 161. Comparative Clauses

§ 162. Disjunctive Sentences

§ 163. Adversative and Exceptive Clauses

§ 164. Temporal Clauses

§ 165. Final Clauses

§ 166. Consecutive Clauses

§ 167. Aposiopesis, Anacoluthon, Involved Series of Sentences

PARADIGMS

INDEX OF SUBJECTS

INDEX OF HEBREW WORDS

INDEX OF PASSAGES


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